{"id":517,"date":"2025-09-03T02:37:06","date_gmt":"2025-09-03T02:37:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/?page_id=517"},"modified":"2025-09-04T17:21:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T17:21:22","slug":"die-afghanische-tragoedie-in-zahlen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/die-afghanische-tragoedie-in-zahlen\/","title":{"rendered":"The Afghan tragedy in figures"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"517\" class=\"elementor elementor-517\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-17d36c68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"17d36c68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-77bea096 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"77bea096\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-790e30f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"790e30f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chapter 1<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d63194a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7d63194a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Afghan tragedy in figures<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ec3395 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ec3395\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Learn all about the history of Afghanistan piece by piece<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-58cc95f8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58cc95f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c0b5998\" data-id=\"7c0b5998\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7332068 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"7332068\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-55958dbe\" data-id=\"55958dbe\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56d9cd1 elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-up elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"56d9cd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan.jpeg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Afghanistan Flag - Afghanistan Awareness Forum\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.1 Occupation by the Russian army (December 12, 1979 to February 15, 1989)\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-md\" href=\"#besatzung-durch-russische-armee\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlearn more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ddca1d\" data-id=\"3ddca1d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d120fd4 elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-up elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"d120fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan.jpeg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Afghanistan Flag - Afghanistan Awareness Forum\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.2 The civil war (1989 to 2001)\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-md\" href=\"#der-buergerkrieg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlearn more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5035d4\" data-id=\"c5035d4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be1189d elementor-bg-transform elementor-bg-transform-move-up elementor-cta--skin-classic elementor-animated-content elementor-widget elementor-widget-call-to-action\" data-id=\"be1189d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"call-to-action.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg elementor-bg\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-scaled.jpg);\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"War on terror - Numbers orphans - Aufkl\u00e4rungsforum Afghanistan\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__bg-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-cta__title elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t1.3 \"War on Terror\" (October 7, 2001 to August 31, 2021)\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-cta__button-wrapper elementor-cta__content-item elementor-content-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-cta__button elementor-button elementor-size-md\" href=\"#krieg-gegen-terror\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tlearn more\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f8d998 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f8d998\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73d80e1\" data-id=\"73d80e1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-12d0fbc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12d0fbc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb0fbad elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"eb0fbad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1724d9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"1724d9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"besatzung-durch-russische-armee\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47788d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"47788d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chapter 1.1<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a0bea4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6a0bea4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-150\" alt=\"Afghanistan Flag - Afghanistan Awareness Forum\" srcset=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-300x199.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-768x510.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1536x1020.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan.jpeg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb4c1ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb4c1ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">occupation by the Russian army (December 12, 1979 until\nFebruary 15, 1989)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ff1e55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9ff1e55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The motives and background to the Russian intervention are still the subject of controversial debate today.<br \/>Since Afghanistan's independence in 1919, the Soviet Union has maintained close economic and military relations with the country, which were intensified in the mid-1960s.<br \/>Researchers also discuss the influence exerted by the USA, the proximity to US ally Pakistan and the Islamic revolution in Iran that broke out shortly before the intervention as possible motives that could have made the Soviet Union fear for its influence in the region (Bpb 2014).<\/p><p>The number of civilian victims of this war is given in various estimates ranging from 875,000 (Khalidi 1991) to 1.5 million (Sliwinski 1989).<\/p><p>In addition, 75,000 to 90,000 insurgents were killed (Giustozzi 2013) and 18,000 casualties were recorded among the Afghan security forces (Isby 1986; Bell 2013).<\/p><p>The number of survivors who were severely and permanently physically injured amounts to almost 1.5 million (Maley 2002).<\/p><p>A third of all villages and two thirds of all roads were destroyed, and the land was contaminated with mines.<\/p><p>In total, over six million Afghans had fled the country to the West or to Pakistan and Iran (Rubin 1995).<\/p><p>The Soviet Union had also paid a high price for the occupation of Afghanistan:<\/p><p>In the course of the occupation, 620,000 soldiers were deployed in the Hindu Kush.<\/p><p>Over 14,000 soldiers were killed and more than 50,000 soldiers were wounded (Julian Voje 2014).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9448584 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9448584\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a447ed7\" data-id=\"a447ed7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d240cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5d240cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6105613 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"6105613\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f3771 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"a6f3771\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"der-buergerkrieg\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ff5dae elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ff5dae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chapter 1.2<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a6ff04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1a6ff04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-150\" alt=\"Afghanistan Flag - Afghanistan Awareness Forum\" srcset=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-300x199.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-768x510.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1536x1020.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Afghanistan-Flagge-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan.jpeg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbde2bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fbde2bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The civil war (1989 to 2001)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a990b45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a990b45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The armed anti-state opposition, also known as mujahideen groups, was supported militarily and financially by Western states and their clients - in particular the USA and Saudi Arabia.<br \/>Pakistan unilaterally promoted Islamist factions and in this way pushed secular, leftist, nationalist and monarchist resistance groups into the background.<\/p><p>Following the withdrawal of Soviet troops in February 1989, the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the cessation of financial aid to Kabul by Russia the following year, the Mujahideen took control of Kabul in April 1992.<\/p><p>Attempts by various faction leaders to monopolize power led to a civil war (Mielke 2024).<\/p><p>While the capital Kabul and its population were largely spared during the Soviet occupation, the civil war resulted in a high number of civilian casualties.<\/p><p>According to estimates, the death toll is between 60,000 and 80,000 people out of a total population of two million.<\/p><p>Around half a million people fled during the first year of the war in 1992.<\/p><p>In the years that followed, there were further waves of refugees until the fighting increasingly spread beyond the capital Kabul to the provinces in 1994 (Chiari 2020).<\/p><p>In response to this, the Taliban movement formed in the south of the country from 1994.<\/p><p>Supported by Pakistani aid, it was able to spread throughout the country and finally capture Kabul in 1996 (Mielke 2024).<\/p><p>According to various sources, only between 300,000 and 600,000 people lived in the city in 1996, when the Taliban took power in Kabul (Chiari 2020).<\/p><p>The Taliban proclaimed the establishment of an Islamic emirate.<\/p><p>However, the repressive measures against all individuals and groups who did not fit into the Taliban's rigid Islamist world view led to a rapid erosion of their acceptance among the population.<\/p><p>This resulted in foreign policy isolation, which was further exacerbated by the violation of international human rights standards (Mielke 2024).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73787a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"73787a8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a4c823\" data-id=\"5a4c823\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-bacd1b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bacd1b2\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad5fc7a elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"ad5fc7a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18005b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"18005b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"krieg-gegen-terror\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce115af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce115af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chapter 1.3<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fc0cf2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6fc0cf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" src=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1004\" alt=\"War on terror - Numbers orphans - Aufkl\u00e4rungsforum Afghanistan\" srcset=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-1536x1020.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Krieg-gegen-den-Terror-Zahlen-Waisen-Aufklaerungsforum-Afghanistan-2048x1360.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-388ef1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"388ef1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\"War on Terror\" (October 7, 2001 to August 31, 2021)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6523532 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6523532\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">The <strong data-start=\"91\" data-end=\"115\">Afghanistan conflict<\/strong> was the longest war fought by the USA and NATO since the Vietnam War - it lasted even longer than the latter.<\/p><p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">In a statement following the events of <strong data-start=\"278\" data-end=\"301\">September 11, 2001<\/strong> the administration of George W. Bush laid the prosecution of <strong data-start=\"360\" data-end=\"392\">Al-Qaida and Osama bin Laden<\/strong> as one of the central goals of the so-called <em data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"466\">\"War on terror\"<\/em> fixed.<\/p><p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">The US government invoked the view that bin Laden was a <strong data-start=\"549\" data-end=\"591\">Guest rights on Afghan territory<\/strong> enjoyed.<\/p><p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">On <strong data-start=\"606\" data-end=\"625\">October 7, 2001<\/strong> the USA initiated an intervention against the Taliban.<\/p><p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">Through massive <strong data-start=\"699\" data-end=\"723\">Area bombing<\/strong> the <strong data-start=\"734\" data-end=\"749\">Northern Alliance<\/strong> in a position to take Kabul (Mielke 2024).<\/p><p data-start=\"87\" data-end=\"232\">The war in Afghanistan, which lasted from October 2001 to August 2021, claimed more than <strong data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"915\">240,000 fatalities<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8cddc6 eael-dt-th-align-center eael-table-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-data-table\" data-id=\"f8cddc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"eael-data-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-data-table-wrap\" data-table_id=\"f8cddc6\" id=\"eael-data-table-wrapper-f8cddc6\" data-custom_responsive=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"tablesorter eael-data-table center\" id=\"eael-data-table-f8cddc6\">\n\t\t\t    <thead>\n\t\t\t        <tr class=\"table-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t            <th class=\"sorting\" id=\"\" colspan=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"data-table-header-text\">Category<\/span><\/th>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t            <th class=\"sorting\" id=\"\" colspan=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"data-table-header-text\">Number of fatalities<\/span><\/th>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t        <\/tr>\n\t\t\t    <\/thead>\n\t\t\t  \t<tbody>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAfghan military and police\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t70.000\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCivilians\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t47.812\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHumanitarian aid workers\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t444\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJournalists\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t72\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTaliban and other rebels\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t120.071\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAmerican soldiers\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2.445\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOther foreign soldiers\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1.145\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tForeign mercenaries and security guards\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3.846\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t\t<tr>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAdditional US personnel\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"\" rowspan=\"\" class=\"\" id=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"td-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"td-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t16\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\n\t\t\t        \t\t\t    <\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t  \t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83a2c84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83a2c84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 data-start=\"160\" data-end=\"220\">Table 1.1: Number of fatalities by victim category<\/h3><p data-start=\"222\" data-end=\"689\">The data for the period from <strong data-start=\"253\" data-end=\"284\">October 2001 until April 2021<\/strong> originate from <em data-start=\"297\" data-end=\"336\">Watson Institute of Brown University<\/em> (Crawford and Lutz 2021).<br data-start=\"362\" data-end=\"365\" \/>The figures for the months <strong data-start=\"391\" data-end=\"414\">May to August 2021<\/strong> were derived from the reporting of the <em data-start=\"452\" data-end=\"468\">New York Times<\/em> taken from (NYT 2024).<br data-start=\"490\" data-end=\"493\" \/>The information on the <strong data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"523\">Taliban<\/strong> are based on the <em data-start=\"540\" data-end=\"571\">Uppsala Conflict Data Program<\/em> (UCDP 2024).<br data-start=\"584\" data-end=\"587\" \/>For a more detailed analysis, please refer to the <em data-start=\"632\" data-end=\"651\">Afghanistan Index<\/em> referred to (Gollob and O'Hanlon 2020).<\/p><h3 data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"736\">Refugees and internally displaced persons<\/h3><h3 data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"736\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\">According to <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"745\" data-end=\"767\">United Nations<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\"> were worldwide at the end of 2021 <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"834\">2.6 million Afghan refugees<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\"> registered (UNHCR 2024).<\/span><\/h3><h3 data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"736\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\">Of which <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"885\" data-end=\"924\">2.2 million in the neighboring countries<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\">.<\/span><\/h3><h3 data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"736\"><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"930\" data-end=\"947\">3.5 million<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\"> were internally displaced persons, and more have been added since 2021 <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"1003\" data-end=\"1037\">800,000 new internally displaced persons<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\">.<\/span><\/h3><h3 data-start=\"696\" data-end=\"736\"><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\">In the year 2021 <\/span><strong style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\" data-start=\"1064\" data-end=\"1095\">Women and children around 80 %<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: transparent; font-size: 16px; text-transform: none;\"> of the Afghan refugees.<\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c10ef4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3c10ef4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec6c59b e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec6c59b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ccee6d elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2ccee6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/die-hintergruende-des-krieges\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85ee7c4 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"85ee7c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/basisdaten\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 3<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d751121 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"d751121\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/daten-ueber-die-afghanische-diaspora-in-deutschland\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88218cf elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"88218cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/ueber-afa-e-v\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 5<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c44f2b elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6c44f2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/literaturverzeichnis\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6993bb7 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"6993bb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/literatursammlung\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">To chapter 7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kapitel 1 Jetzt alles St\u00fcck f\u00fcr St\u00fcck erfahren zur Geschichte Afghanistans 1.1 Besatzung durch die russische Armee (12. Dezember 1979 bis zum 15. Februar 1989) mehr erfahren 1.2 Der B\u00fcrgerkrieg (1989 bis 2001) mehr erfahren 1.3 \u201eKrieg gegen den Terror\u201c (07. Oktober 2001 bis 31.08.2021) mehr erfahren Kapitel 1.1 Besatzung durch die russische Armee (12. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-517","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=517"}],"version-history":[{"count":85,"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1008,"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517\/revisions\/1008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/af-afghanistan.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}